Hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan saat memilih pencahayaan kelas
Fokus pencahayaan kelas adalah pemilihan lampu. Lingkungan pencahayaan kelas harus memenuhi persyaratan menulis siswa dan guru di desktop dan papan tulis. Oleh karena itu, ketika memilih lampu dan lentera, karakteristik lingkungan kelas harus dipertimbangkan, dan bentuk lampu serta metode pencahayaan yang wajar harus dipilih. Hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan adalah sebagai berikut:
1. Ruang kelas yang relatif sempit, umumnya lebarnya tidak lebih dari 6m dan panjangnya tidak lebih dari 8m. Lampu kelas yang tegak lurus dengan arah papan tulis hanya membutuhkan dua kolom, dan total 4-6 lampu kelas dapat memenuhi syarat penerangan. Ada banyak ruang untuk pemilihan lampu kelas seperti itu. Selama posisi dan ketinggian lampu yang sesuai dipilih, lampu gril umum dapat memenuhi persyaratan.
2. Pada ruang kelas yang relatif besar, lampu kelas yang tegak lurus dengan arah papan tulis harus memiliki lebih dari tiga kolom atau ruang kelas yang dipasang lebih dari 8 lampu. Ruang kelas seperti itu harus menggunakan lampu kisi-kisi kecil dengan kisi-kisi cermin. Menurut rumus UGR untuk menghitung silau kelas, koefisien posisi lampu pada garis tengah ruang kelas paling besar, dan nilai kecerahan permukaan lampu di garis tengah juga paling besar, sehingga jumlah lampu yang dipasang pada garis tengah harus diminimalkan dalam desain.
3. Use special blackboard lamps. According to the relevant standard requirements, the blackboard lamps cannot have glare effects on the teachers on the podium when working. It is generally believed that blackboard lamps cannot be installed within a range of 45 degree above the teacher's line of sight when a teacher is giving a lecture. This puts forward requirements for the installation height of blackboard lamps. At the same time, considering the possible position conflict with other teaching equipment, it is best to have a blackboard lamp designed to be liftable.
4. The installation positions of lamps can be divided according to the functional areas of the classroom. The classroom is mainly divided into two parts, the podium area and the student desk area. The podium area is mainly the work area of teachers. If the lighting of the blackboard meets the requirements of the standard, there is generally no need to add lamps to illuminate the podium area in this area, and only the blackboard lamps and reflected light can meet the lighting requirements. Student desk area, according to GB 50099-2011 "Code for Design of Primary and Secondary Schools", including the range from 2.5m from the blackboard to 0.6m from the back wall of the classroom. This area must meet the relevant requirements in the standard. The installation location of classroom lamps should also be mainly aimed at this area, rather than installing lamps from the podium.
5. Requirements for special classrooms. Most of the school are ordinary classrooms, in addition to laboratory, art room, computer room, gymnastics room, recording and broadcasting classrooms and other special classrooms, the special requirements of these classrooms should be considered in the design stage. For example, the illuminance limit of the art classroom is 500lx, and the color rendering index of the light source must reach Ra90 or more; special laboratories (physics laboratories, chemistry laboratories, etc.) generally use dark rubber table mats, and the reflectivity of the desk will increase. When descending, students sometimes stand to perform experimental operations, which will block light, so local lighting equipment should be equipped if necessary; the computer room should design the position and height of lamps according to the position of the computer to avoid reflected glare on the computer screen; gymnastics room and Vertical lighting equipment should be added to the recording and broadcasting classrooms, so that students can see the teacher's facial expressions clearly.
